TEST FLYING PROGRAMME FOR VIRGIN GALACTIC SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM NOW FULLY UNDERWAY – MOTHERSHIP EVE ACHIEVES FASTEST AND LONGEST YET FLIGHT IN THE TROPOSPHERE<\/p>\n
WhiteKnightTwo launch vehicle for SpaceShipTwo heralds a new era in aerospace fuel efficiency, performance and versatility
Mojave Air and Spaceport, California<\/p>\n
The test flying programme for WhiteKnightTwo (WK2), the space launch vehicle being developed for Virgin Galactic’s SpaceShipTwo (SS2) has now completed its third successful test flight – the longest and fastest to date with a duration of over two and half hours, maximum speed of 140 knots and an altitude of over 18,000 ft. The flight also saw a further 7 tests successfully completed including in flight engine restarts, engine thrust asymmetry assessment and continued expansion of WK2’s operating envelope and evaluation of WK2’s handling qualities.<\/p>\n
In addition to launching SS2, the WK2 also has a range of science payload and training applications including the potential to launch an unmanned rocket capable of putting a satellite into low Earth orbit.<\/p>\n
Test pilot Peter Siebold who also piloted the first two missions said:<\/p>\n
“This is a truly remarkable aviation vehicle and, although it might look unique from the ground it is not strange to fly in any way and is in fact a great piloting experience.\u00a0 Now the stratosphere is the limit as we will continually test Eve (WK2) for the next few months up to her ceiling of above 50,000 ft.”<\/p>\n
Christened “EVE” in honor of Sir Richard Branson’s mother, WK2 is both visually remarkable and represents ground-breaking aerospace technology. It is the world’s largest all carbon composite aircraft and many of its component parts have been built using composite materials for the very first time. At 140 ft, the wing spar is, we believe, the longest single carbon composite aviation structural component ever manufactured.<\/p>\n
Driven by a demanding performance specification set by Virgin Galactic, WK2 has a unique heavy lift, high altitude capability and an open architecture driven design which provides for maximum versatility in the weight, mass and volume of its payload potential. It has the power, strength and manoeuvrability to provide for pre space-flight, positive G force and zero G astronaut training as well as a lift capability which is over 30% greater than that represented by a fully crewed SpaceShipTwo. The vehicle has a maximum altitude over 50,000 ft and its U.S. coast-to-coast range will allow the spaceship to be ferried on long duration flights.<\/p>\n
An all carbon composite vehicle of this size represents a giant leap for a material technology that has already been identified as a key contributor to the increasingly urgent requirement by the commercial aviation sector for dramatically more fuel efficient aircraft. Powered by four Pratt and Whitney PW308A engines, which are amongst the most powerful, economic and efficient available, WK2 is a mold breaker in carbon efficiency and the epitome of 21st century aerospace design and technology.<\/p>\n
The twin fuselage and central payload area configuration allow for easy access to WK2 and to the spaceship for passengers and crew; the design also aids operational efficiencies and turnaround times. WK2 will be able to support up to four daily space flights, is able to carry out both day and night time operations and is equipped with a package of highly advanced avionics.<\/p>\n
Commenting on the flights, Burt Rutan, Founder of Scaled Composites said:<\/p>\n
“WhiteKnightTwo really is an impressive vehicle and it represents the apogee of the application of carbon composites to aerospace, all of us at Scaled are tremendously excited by its capabilities. I believe the vehicle will be developed and sold for a variety of launch applications beyond the initial requirements of Virgin Galactic.”<\/p>\n
Sir Richard Branson, Founder of Virgin Galactic added:<\/p>\n
“As usual, Burt and the team have created a beauty that also flies really well and this is a very proud day for us all! These first flights of WK2 take the Virgin Galactic vision up another level and continue to provide tangible evidence that this most ambitious of projects is not only for real but is making tremendous progress towards our goal of safe commercial operation. I am looking forward to flying myself in Eve in the next few weeks before we attach SpaceShipTwo later in the year and begin test flights to space shortly afterwards!<\/p>\n
Virgin Galactic is central to our ambition at Virgin to become the world’s leading group in the operation of energy and environmentally efficient transportation, in the air, on the ground and in space.”<\/p>\n
For further information go to www.virgingalactic.com<\/a>.<\/p>\n GALACTIC AT A GLANCE! SpaceShipTwo Flight Profile TEST FLYING PROGRAMME FOR VIRGIN GALACTIC SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM NOW FULLY UNDERWAY – MOTHERSHIP EVE ACHIEVES FASTEST AND LONGEST YET FLIGHT IN THE TROPOSPHERE WhiteKnightTwo launch vehicle for SpaceShipTwo heralds a new era in aerospace fuel efficiency, performance and versatility Mojave Air and Spaceport, California The test flying programme for WhiteKnightTwo (WK2), the space launch […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2660","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/traveloscopy.com\/travel-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2660","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/traveloscopy.com\/travel-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/traveloscopy.com\/travel-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/traveloscopy.com\/travel-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/traveloscopy.com\/travel-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2660"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/traveloscopy.com\/travel-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2660\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/traveloscopy.com\/travel-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2660"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/traveloscopy.com\/travel-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2660"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/traveloscopy.com\/travel-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2660"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
The History: The Ansari X Prize
\u2022 Objective: to provide the catalyst for private sector innovation in the field of manned space exploration.
\u2022 Rules: private funding, design and manufacture of a vehicle capable of delivering the weight of 3 people including one actual person to sub-orbital space defined as an altitude of at least 100kms. The vehicle had to be 80% reusable and fly twice within a two week period.
\u2022 Winner: Mojave Aerospace Ventures a Paul G Allen company with Burt Rutan and SpaceShipOne on October 4th 2004. Pilot Brian Binnie (see www.scaled.com<\/a> )
The History: SpaceShipOne
\u2022 Project funded by Paul Allen \u2013 co founder of Microsoft at an approx cost of approx $26m
\u2022 Designed and built by Burt Rutan and Scaled Composites in Mojave CA
\u2022 Flew to space 3 times in 2004
\u2022 The world’s first private manned space vehicle
\u2022 Now displayed in the Milestones of Flight Gallery at the Smithsonian Air & Space Museum, DC between Charles Lindbergh’s Spirit of St Louis and Chuck Yeager’s Bell X-1
The Technology
\u2022 A completely new approach to space access for people, science and payload
\u2022 Air (horizontal) launch from the “WhiteKnight” purpose built aircraft not ground (vertical) launch – intrinsically safer and more environmentally friendly
\u2022 All composite construction (light, strong, resilient and fuel efficient) not metal.
\u2022 Hybrid rocket motor uses benign fuel and oxidiser (rubber and nitrous oxide for SpaceShipOne) and is controllable
\u2022 Re-entry controlled aerodynamically by unique wing feathering design – heat free and carefree
\u2022 Un-powered (glide) runway landing
Virgin’s Involvement
\u2022 Seeking investment opportunities since late 90’s when Galactic name was registered
\u2022 Knew of Burt Rutan’s credentials through sponsorship of the Virgin Atlantic Global Flyer – world’s most fuel efficient powered aircraft
\u2022 Agreed with Burt Rutan and Paul Allen to invest in development and construction of second generation vehicle for commercial venture – the world’s first spaceline
\u2022 Ordered 5 SpaceShipTwo’s and 3 WhiteKnightTwo carrier aircraft to be manufactured by The SpaceShip Company (TSC) (a Joint Venture between Scaled Composites and Virgin) and operated by Virgin Galactic
\u2022 Mission to create environmentally benign, safe and commercially viable access to space for people, science and payload. Space tourism early adopters provided proof of first available market.
SpaceShipTwo
\u2022 SpaceShipTwo 70% complete
\u2022 Uses all the same basic technology, construction and design as SpaceShipOne prototype
\u2022 Is around twice as large as SS1
\u2022 Will carry 6 passengers and 2 pilots
\u2022 Cabin approx the size of a Falcon 900 exec jet
\u2022 Whole fuselage used for passenger cabin – no “floor”
\u2022 Large windows positioned right round the cabin
\u2022 Reclining seats to maximise cabin space in zero g and for re-entry
\u2022 Dimensions:
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – Wing span: 42ft
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – Length: 60 ft
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – Tail height: 18 ft (Feather down)
\u2022 Cabin details
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – 6 passenger seats
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – 90″ diameter x 12 ft long
\u2022 Construction: 100% carbon composite
\u2022 Power: after release from carrier aircraft, operates on internal power supply
\u2022 Gear
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – Tricycle gear configuration
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – 2x wheeled main gear
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – 1x nose skid, with abrading shoe, like SpaceShipOne
\u2022 Feathering wings for re-entry: same technology as SS1; improved aerodynamics
\u2022 Simulator operational and already being used as pilot training and design refinement tool
Carrier Aircraft\/Mothership (WhiteKnightTwo) Technical Specification
Status :
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– Construction and ground testing complete
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– Test flight programme underway – first flight successfully undertaken 21st December 2008
\u2022 Will be the largest 100% carbon composite plane in service (Boeing 787 Dreamliner uses composite materials for about 50% of its primary structure)
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– twin boom \/ fuselage construction
\u2022 Propulsion & Power : 4 X Pratt & Whitney PW308 engines. Member of PW300 series engines.
\u2022 Gear: Quadricycle gear configuration, retractable
\u2022 Dimensions:
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– Wing span: 140ft (only 16 ft less than Boeing 767-300)
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– Length: 78 ft
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– Tail height: 25ft
\u2022 Performance: SS2 ferry range: U.S. coast to coast
\u2022 Capability
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– a training vehicle for SS2 spaceflight – can simulate SpaceShipTwo g force profile
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– both cabins replicate SS2 interior
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– unique high altitude lift aircraft for various payloads<\/p>\n
\u2022 G-Forces
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– max gx (front to back): 6g
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– max gz (head to toe): 3.8g
\u2022 SS2 release: 50,000 ft
\u2022 Planned apogee of spaceflight: at least 110 km
\u2022 Zero-g phase – out of seat
\u2022 Total flight time: all told approximately 2.0 hrs
Timeframes
\u2022 WhiteKnightTwo commenced test programme during the Summer of 2008 with first flight December 2008. Test programme will continue into 2009.
\u2022 SpaceShipTwo roll-out and test flight programme programmed for Fall 2009 depending on progress of WhiteKnightTwo test flights
\u2022 Test flight period envisaged 18 – 24 months or longer if safety dictates. Building of first commercial vehicles will commence whilst test programme is underway
\u2022 Safety first, we are not in a race, we will launch only when Scaled and Virgin are content that it is safe to do so
\u2022 We aim to fly 500 people in the first year and 50,000 in the first 10 years
\u2022 First commercial flights planned to operate from Spaceport America in New Mexico.
\u2022 First non-US flights likely to be from Spaceport Sweden near Kiruna in the north of the country at certain times of the year, once relevant licences are obtained.
SpaceShipTwo Flight Stats
\u2022 Total flight time around 2.0 hour
\u2022 G forces: rocket boost max 3.8 g (x and z); re-entry max 6 g (x only whilst reclined)
\u2022 Speed: supersonic within 8 seconds of rocket ignition and faster than Mach 3 within 30 seconds of rocket ignition
\u2022 Achieving an apogee of at least 110 kms
The Experience
\u2022 Plan for 3 days of preparation, medical checks, bonding, g force acclimatisation as part of flight cost.
\u2022 Carrier aircraft is able to act as a training platform with passenger cabins that replicate the spaceship.
\u2022 All passengers will be able to leave their seats and float in zero G should they wish and enjoy view of space and the earth stretching for around 1000 miles in every direction
Reservations
\u2022 Approximately 300 reservations with deposits from between $20 and $200k
\u2022 Total deposits received approximately $40m. Flight cost US$200k
\u2022 Over 85,000 people from 125 countries have registered their interest in becoming a Virgin Galactic astronaut at www.virgingalactic.com<\/a>
\u2022 A specialist network of Virgin Galactic Accredited Space Agents has been set up around the world to provide a local reservation service (ASA details can be found on www.virgingalactic.com<\/a>)
Environmental Credentials
\u2022 Air launch means short rocket burn
\u2022 Reusable spaceship – no space debris
\u2022 The carrier aircraft uses latest highly efficient turbo fan jet engines
\u2022 SpaceShipTwo re-entry and landing are unpowered
\u2022 CO2 emissions per passenger on a spaceflight will be equivalent to approximately 60% of a per passenger return commercial London\/New York flight. Around 70% of the spaceflight CO2 emissions come from the carrier aircraft. This is a clean spaceship!
\u2022 Virgin Galactic is working with the carrier aircraft’s engine manufacturers, Pratt & Whitney, towards the goal of eventually flying the aircraft entirely on a renewable jet aviation fuel. This work is being carried out in conjunction with Virgin Atlantic who along with Virgin Fuels, Boeing and GE are currently developing and testing such fuels for the new Virgin Atlantic Boeing 787 Dreamliner. The first partially bio-fuelled flight by Virgin Atlantic was carried out successfully in February 2008 using one of the fleet of Boeing 747’s between London and Amsterdam
\u2022 SpaceShipTwo and its carrier aircraft will provide space access, first to paying passengers and then hopefully, for science research and payload deployment, with an incomparably smaller environmental impact, lower cost and greater flexibility than anything that has gone before. We need space but we need better access to it.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"